Temperature

Seasonal Temperature Outlook: February-April 2021 (FMA)

Issued: 31 Jan 2021

For FMA 2021, above-normal temperature is favoured by the models over eastern Maritime Continent and Myanmar, with below- to near-normal temperatures over much of eastern Mainland Southeast Asia, and near- to above-normal temperatures over the western Maritime Continent.

For FMA 2021, all three models – NCEP, ECMWF and UK Met Office (Figures 1-3) – predict above-normal temperature for eastern Maritime Continent and Myanmar. The model skill for predicting above-normal temperature for the Maritime Continent is relatively good while the skill is low to moderate for Myanmar.

For the rest of Mainland Southeast Asia, below- to near- normal temperatures are predicted by the three models. In particular, the ECMWF and the UK Met Office models are predicting a higher chance of below-normal temperature for much of the eastern Mainland Southeast Asia, in particular northern Viet Nam, Lao PDR and north-eastern Thailand. The model skill for the below- to near- normal terciles is low to moderate for these regions for this season.

For the western Maritime Continent, the temperature is predicted to be near- to above-normal. The model skill is relatively good for this region in predicting above-normal temperature, while only low to moderate for near-normal temperature.

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Figure 1: Temperature tercile summary predictions of NCEP model for FMA 2021.
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Figure 2: Temperature tercile summary predictions of ECMWF model for FMA 2021 (contains modified Copernicus C3S information).
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Figure 5: Average climatological temperature for FMA based on ERA5 (Reference period: 1981-2010).

The qualitative outlook is assessed for the region in general. For specific updates on the national scale, the relevant ASEAN National Meteorological and Hydrological Services should be consulted.